Venous sampling

What is selective venous sampling?

You may be recommended to undergo selective venous sampling if your doctor would like to find out more about your hormones. The procedure involves taking a sample of blood from a particular area of blood vessels, which is then analysed to see which substances the organs and tissues around it have produced.

The organs most frequently analysed in this procedure are the adrenal glands, the parathyroid glands and pancreas.

How does the procedure work?

The interventional radiologist will insert a 2-3 mm catheter (tube) into a blood vessel in your groin and will then use imaging to guide the catheter to the selected area of veins. The interventional radiologist then takes some samples of blood from these veins, which are immediately analysed to check the levels of particular hormones and other substances.

Why perform it?

Selective venous sampling is performed when it is suspected that a patient has a tumour but the doctors have been unable to find it using imaging, usually because the tumour is too small. The procedure allows surgeons to know precisely where the tumour is due to the level of hormones and other substances in the blood.

What are the risks?

Minor risks include bruising to your groin. More significant risks include the possibility of injuring a vein during the procedure, but the risk of this is very low.

Bibliography

1. Viste K, Grytaas MA, Jørstad MD, Jøssang DE, Høyden EN, Fotland SS, Jensen DK, Løvås K, Thordarson H, Almås B, Mellgren G. Efficacy of adrenal venous sampling is increased by point of care cortisol analysis. Endocr Connect. 2013 Nov 15; 2(4):236-42.
2. Sarlon-Bartoli G, Michel N, Taieb D, Mancini J, Gonthier C, Silhol F, Muller C, Bartoli JM, Sebag F, Henry JF, Deharo JC, Vaisse B. Adrenal venous sampling is crucial before an adrenalectomy whatever the adrenal-nodule size on computed tomography. J Hypertens. 2011 Jun; 29(6):1196-202.