Venous sampling (2025) – online course
Description
Authors: D. Kusumawidjaja, A. Lejawka and R. Marcello
Reviewers: C. P. Cantwell, A. M. Ierardi, A.Krajina, C. van Rijswijk, T. Rodt and F. Wolf
This course corresponds to chapter 2.2.1.3.8 Venous sampling in the European Curriculum and Syllabus for IR.
Abstract
Endocrine venous sampling (EVS) is a diagnostic procedure applied to endocrine disorders. Guided by imaging, this technique allows a diagnostic catheter to be directed into the veins of various endocrine organs to obtain draining blood samples for comprehensive laboratory analysis. This is particularly useful when the clinical pictures, laboratory testing, and imaging cannot definitively determine the right location of hormone overproduction.
Despite recent advancements in non-invasive imaging, in certain clinical scenarios, surgery based solely on imaging findings may lead to unacceptably high rates of therapeutic failure. In these cases, venous sampling remains the best localizing tool [1], [2].
EVS may be used to aid the diagnosis of such conditions as Cushing syndrome, primary hyperparathyroidism, primary aldosteronism, and hyperandrogenism, where venous blood samples are obtained from such sites as inferior petrosal venous sinuses, thyroid, adrenal, and gonadal veins, respectively. In addition, neuroendocrine tumours of the pancreas may be located using additional stimulation techniques.
EVS procedures can be challenging. Solid background knowledge and understanding of the procedures are essential to succeed.
This course will focus on the four most common venous sampling procedures: adrenal venous sampling (AVS), arterial stimulation and venous sampling (ASVS), parathyroid venous sampling (PAVS), and inferior petrosal venous sinus sampling (IPSS).
The course will review relevant anatomy, pathophysiology, and the indications and contraindications for venous sampling. Advantages and disadvantages, tools required, and preoperative preparation will be discussed. Each procedure will be explained step-by-step, along with useful tips and tricks.
Learning objectives
- To understand the rationale behind venous sampling
- To become familiar with the anatomy of the sampling sites and its relevant variants
- To be able to interpret the laboratory results
- Be familiar with the kit used in venous sampling (i.e. catheters)
- To understand the use of provocative medication
- Learn useful tips & tricks
- Recognize and manage complications
Further information
This course covers a basic level of IR knowledge and is designed for trainees, students or young consultants aiming to acquire essential knowledge or prepare for the EBIR exam. Thereby, it is tailored to the European Curriculum and Syllabus for IR and corresponds to chapter 2.2.1.3.8 Venous sampling.
The format of the course is interactive and easy to use, including texts, graphics, videos and a quiz to support your learning. The course duration is around two hours.Please note that this course is currently not CME accredited.
The enrolment period of this course is linked to the validity of the All-Access Pass.
Release date: May 2025
